IT Industry in Pakistan Essay Example For Students

IT Industry in Pakistan Essay EXECUTIVE SUMMARYPIM undertook the preparation of this report with the conviction that Information Technology truly holds the potential to act as an enabler of economic revival and growth especially for countries like Pakistan. We are also painfully aware that Pakistan has lagged dangerously behind other regional countries in exploiting Information Technology as a catalyst for economic revival. However we feel that the explosive growth of the Internet and the coming tidal wave of E-Commerce still provide immense possibilities for Pakistan to exploit their potential and use them for accelerating its economic revival. We are also painfully conscious of the fact that the hyper speed of change in the Information Technology domain means that the IT year is equivalent to one month in conventional terms. This fact dictates that any meaningful action or decisions for the IT industry in Pakistan has to be implemented immediately. Pakistan and countries like Pakistan who are hoping to exploit the inherent potential of Information Technology must act immediately and decisively to restructure their domestic Information Technology industries to become effective role players within the global IT scenario. The luxury of long-winded debate and discussions and the formations of commissions, which will submit reports in months, will be counter productive to the spirit of any Information Technology initiatives. From these workshops a powerful feeling has emerged that any meaningful IT initiative in Pakistan will necessarily have to be a partnership between the government and its agencies on one hand and the privat e sector on the other hand. Bold, unconventional and strategically correct decisions are needed. Effective top managers with the right mix of vision and managerial competence are needed. A huge amount of financing is needed in domestic resources and foreign exchange. Above all the will to prevail will be needed, from the government of Pakistan, to chart the right course for our Information technology initiative and then stay the course in spite of the innumerable hurdles which are sure to bedevil the path to success. From PIMs perspective this report provides an insiders view of the IT industry and the problems it faces. Most importantly it also provides the insiders view to some of the major problems facing the industry and their solutions. It is hoped that this report will help the IT decision makers in tackling the problems of the IT industry. The major problems of the IT industry in Pakistan as identified by these two workshops are: Massive Brain DrainSerious shortages of high power programmers and IT professionals in needed latest technologies Inability of Pakistani firms to tap and penetrate lucrative foreign marketsCommunication infrastructure bottlenecks caused by PTCLs inability to provide the IT industry needed band-width and communication capabilities of international standard at competitive pricesLack of entrepreneurial skills and managerial know-how of IT professionalsLack of actual and practical government policies and support for industry IT industry has serious problems in securing financing and creditUnwillingness of local business managers to pay appropriate prices for locally developed software Lack of incubation and startup companiesLow computerization of the government and its departments X THE NEED FOR THE REPORTPIM developed its strategic plan (2000 2005) in January 2000. This Strategic plan was discu ssed and approved in the 30th meeting of PIMs Board of Governors held on 24th February in Karachi. In its strategic Plan PIM has predicted the explosive and exponential growth of the IT industry in Pakistan and had underscored the fact that IT could be the enabler for stimulating Pakistans economy from its present slump. Chairman PIM Board of Governors, Mr. Abu Shamim Ariff, was particularly interested in the predictions and conclusions of PIM regarding the future state of Pakistani industry and floated the idea that PIM should prepare a generalized report on the IT industry in Pakistan and it should be presented to the IT decision makers in Pakistan. He also emphasized that PIM would do well to concentrate more on the software segment of the IT industry. PIM Board of Governors enthusiastically endorsed the idea. PIM Board of Governors directed PIM to work towards the preparation of this report and to have it ready by the end of April 2000. However Chairman PIM Board of Governors later on extended the deadline to end May 2000. PIMs report on the IT Industry in Pakistan was completed in the first week of June 2000. X A NOTE ON THE METHODOLOGY USEDAfter intensive internal debate regarding the approach to follow for the preparation of this report PIM decide to follow the basic methodology which it had followed for strategic plan; the distillation of industry practitioners knowledge and wisdom. For this purpose it was decided to hold two workshops, one in Karachi and the other in Lahore, and invite IT industry leaders and professionals to participate in a controlled discussion of their industry. PIM decided to use the basic concepts of Strategic Planning and Force Field Analysis for guiding the discussions during the workshops. It was also decided to present the findings of the two workshops as they were without any recommendations from PIM. The response received to the announcements of the two workshops was overwhelming and PIM was swamped by requests for invitations. The Karachi workshop was held on the 22nd of April 2000 in the PC and was attended by 49 participants and the Lahore workshop was held on the 6th of May 2000 was attended by 35 participants. Most of the participants were chief executives or senior executives from Pakistans IT industry. Of the total participants 90% were from the private sector. The discussions were held in a very free and frank manner and it is highly commendable that all participants took a very broad macro view and there was no attempt to exploit the forum for any narrow interests. X INDUSTRY DEFINITIONThe IT industry in Pakistan is in its infancy and is struggling to play catch up with the regional and global industry. The size/turnover of the software segment of the industry is US $ 25 million in the domestic segment and US $ 15 million worth of exportThe software segment of the IT industry has about 500 players/companies. Most of these companies are one-man shows. There are a few medium to large size players who are part of Pakistani business houses. The software industry employs about 5,000 programmers / professionals. The industry is facing a serious shortage of quality technical and marketing professionals due to brain drain of high power professionals and IT trainers in the needed technologiesThe following activities are part of the IT Industry; System analysis and designDesign of hardware softwareSoftware programmingImplementationManufacturing/assembly of hardwareAfter sales serviceSystem maintenance servicesMarketing of hardware and softwareCommunication InfrastructureBand widthSwitchingISPsASPsICPs InternetE-commerceData Ware housingHuman resource managementHuman Resource training and mobilizationINFLUENCES ON IT INDUSTRY IN PAKISTANINDUSTRY MAPOPPORTUNITIES FOR THE IT INDUSTRY IN PAKISTANThe following opportunities were highlighted by the participants of the Workshop:1.Development of packaged software 2.Quality training and development of specialized human resources3.Reengineering and computerization of govt. / public se ctor and private sector organizations4.Installation of networks (LANS, WANS etc.)5.E-info6.Switch over to Urdu as a computer language7.Development of call centers8.Reorganization and growth of communications infrastructure. 9.Foreign Exchange earning potential10 Louis riel Essay Thesis X HOW CAN THE IMPACT OF THE DRIVING FORCES BE INCREASED1.Growth of world wide IT industry a)Hold regular international and national seminars to help disseminate knowledge about Global IT trendsb)Encourage IT industry players to visit foreign fairs and technology exhibitions like Comdex etc. 2.Availability of low cost educated manpowera)Launch massive IT education and training drive to further help the availability of IT professionalsb)Encourage IT education and training in urgently needed newer IT technologiesc)Initiate a system of monitoring IT education and training institutions and ensure that they are following international curriculum and standards 3.India syndrome (if India can do why cant we) is fueling growtha)Study Indian success model in IT and attempt to emulate as far as is possibleb)Encourage IT industry to follow the successful practices and trends of the Indian IT industryc)Encourage Pakistani IT firms to collaborate with Indian firms d)Identify the serious mistakes made by the Indian It industry and make sure that those mistakes are not repeated in Pakistan4.Availability of low cost inputs (pirated software unbranded hardware)a)Govt. should not sign any trade or intellectual property protocols which will make it difficult or prohibitively expensive for IT industry to buy and use IT technology and software from international firmsb)Govt. should step in and negotiate with the large global players for providing IT technology and software to Pakistan on special bulk concessional ratesc)If needed the Govt. should, through the IT Development Fund, buy IT technology and software in bulk and provide the same to the domestic IT industry at subsidized ratesd)Govt. should make serious efforts to lure global hardware and software companies to enter the Pakistani market by offering especially attractive incentives to them5.Growth of Internet E-commercea)Govt. should facilitate the growth of Internet usage and of E-commerce in Pakistan by providing all possible help in terms of infrastructure availability and the recasting of laws and regulations which are inhibiting this growth 6.Perception that industry has explosive potential for growth and profits7.Perception that IT is a high and quick return and low investment industry8.Ambition Driven S trategy of founders of IT firms9.Availability of success Role Models in international IT industry10.Good Pay Back for the right IT idea which clicks in industry11.Attraction/romance of get rich quick success stories in IT12.Low start up cost13.Low Entry barriers into industry for new comers14.Availability of low cost inputsa)Govt. Should negotiate prices of new/latest technology and software directly with global companies b)Massive investments should be made on a war footing to improve supply of IT professionals through upgrading of IT education and training. c)National IT talent hunt schemes should be launched to identify and nurture IT talentd)Institution of a special scholarship scheme for meritorious IT studentse)Launch of a special incentive package for IT professionals which could ensure that they do not automatically prefer to leave the country rather than work in Pakistanf)Reduce social and job problems faced by IT professionals15.Easy access to international market a)Set up an IT Export Board or Corporation in the private sector or allow the private sector to manage itb)Develop a strategy to create a better relations with Non Resident Pakistanis and to motivate them to help Pakistani IT firms gain a foothold in foreign marketsc)Make commercial councilors in all Pakistani missions more IT literate and educate them on how to identify IT business opportunities for Pakistani IT firmsd)Make commercial counselor more effective by improving their relationships with the Pakistani IT industry and its representative organizationse)Develop a strategy to use the capabilities of Pakistani missions for securing IT business for the Pakistani IT industryf)Appoint special IT commercial councilors in foreign countries which are large IT markets like US, Europe etc. g)Develop a marketing and promotional strategy for introducing Pakistan as a reliable IT product and service supplier and launch this drive with adequate fundingh)Identify highly respected and professional NRPs in US and European countries and ask them to become Honorary IT ambassadors for Pakistan. This could be done on a city or regional basis16.Unemployment of engineering professionals is encouraging them to move to ITa)Offer special incentives and training for engineering and science graduates to make the switch to an IT careerb)If needed offer special stipends for such professionals till they can find suitable jobsc)Set up a Web based IT placement bureau to help such graduates find jobs d)Encourage such graduates to play an entrepreneurial role by providing s eed capital and technical know-how e)Encourage IT industry to seriously tap into the potential of using such unemployed graduates 17.Good understanding of English in the society X

System In Process Of Manpower Activities †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The System In Process Of Manpower Activities? Answer: Introduction ABC Timber and Hardware operates as a small chain of different hardware stores that operates throughout the state. It operates through a network of 12 different branches that works on the basis of one sales representative per branch. The Sales Representatives annually report to the Sales Manager of the organization and generates monthly sales report. The Sales Manager in turn is required to report to the Board of Directors of the firm. Applicability of the IMS to Mobile and Cloud Computing The era of emergence of mobile and cloud computing is observed to create fear in the minds of the users regarding undue access to secured data resources and thereby pilferage of the same without generation of adequate knowledge. Mobile and Cloud Computing encourage the growth of a collaborative atmosphere regarding sharing of information resources. However, the firms tend to hold on to the contents rather than sharing the same owing to the emergence of security issues. Content sharing activity requires the users to employ cloud sharing services like Dropbox, Google Drive and iCloud among others which in turn raises security threat. The Mobile Computing service is also preferred by users for helping in earning an effective work-life balance which is not possible in traditional work spheres. The incorporation of mobile and cloud computing services contribute in the sharing of quantifiable amount of information pertaining to diverse categories in a rapid manner. Transmission of data acr oss the digital environment creates necessary challenges associated to security and vulnerability of information resources(Victor, Abah, Adewale, Ume, 2014). Description of the Planning Activities The different planning activities that are required to be undertaken for designing an effective Information Management Systems (IMS) are rendered as follows. -Identification of the requirements and stages regarding development of information systems in the organization. -Identification of the type of application concerning Information Systems to be utilized in the firm. -Generating evolution to each of the different types of IMS Applications depending on the level of priority inside the firm. -Generation of a priority ranking for the different types of applications. -Focusing on the development on an effective and optimum architecture of IMS for addressing the needs of the different applications(Bogabol, AL Musadieq, Handayani, 2014). Reasons for conducting a Learning Needs Analysis for IMS Specific reasons for conducting training for effective implementation of Information Management Systems in an organization are outlined as follows. -Reduction of the level of confusion and mistakes regarding the implementation of the Information Management System -For ensuring the optimal and effective utilization of the IMS in the firm -For ensuring the optimal utilization of the budget planned for the implementation of IMS IN ABC Timber and Hardware -For helping in the reduction of unnecessary workloads and tasks concerning the staffs pertaining to the Information Technology department for increasing efficiency and expertise in handling complex tasks -Further the development of learning and skills development program for the organizational staffs help in making them feel valued and also duly empowered for enhancing their skill base regarding working in an environment associated with IMS(Karikari, Boateng, Ocansey, 2015). Identification and Information on Stakeholders to the IMS The different stakeholders regarding the incorporation and implementation of IMS in ABC Timber and Hardware are the sales representatives of the 12 different sales branches, the sales manager, and the board of directors of the organization and finally the customers or the final user base of the hardware company. The development of the Information Management System in the organization would contribute in meeting the knowledge and information needs of the different stakeholder groups in the firm while also in understanding the needs of customers, recording them for future needs and also in developing of potential of the firm for meeting the emergent and diversified needs of customers. Description of Human, Financial and Physical Resources The different human, physical and financial resources for development of an effective Information Management System in ABC Timber and Hardware are outlined as follows. Human Resources Staffs and employees are required to be involved by the hardware firm for effective collection of information regarding sales and consumer data from the different branches where the hardware company has opened up its branches. Moreover, further staffs would also be involved that would help in effectively storing and analyzing the data collected regarding consumer interests and behavior along with the purchasing activities made by customers and also other types of market data. Effective human resources are also required to be involved that would help in disseminating the data and the analysis of relevant information concerning customer data of ABC Timber and Hardware(Gupta George, 2016). Financial Resources Different types of financial resources can be gained from varied sources like investment agencies, government and business hubs for the development of the Management Information System in ABC Timber and Hardware. Effective meetings are required to be generated and carried out by the board of directors of the firm with the investors and also the other financial sources such that the same helps in development of needed awareness concerning the IMS required by the company. Similarly, donations and also budgets allocated by the government for development of technological projects in firms are also required to be rightly streamlined for the development of the IMS project(Al-Mamary, Shamsuddin, Aziati, 2014). Physical Resources Different types of physical resources are required by ABC Timber and Hardware for helping in the rightful implementation of the Information Management System (IMS) in the organization. Basic facilities associated to rooms like availability of furniture and electricity is required for working on the basis of IMS. Similarly, an effective guidebook concerning use of IMS and information technology sources are required for training the staffs to handle the system effectively. Most importantly, the incorporation of information technology resources like computers and laptops along with effective internet connection through use of a modem need to be incorporated for helping the staffs gain access to needed data and also use the Information Management System(Kellermanns, Walter, Crook, Kemmerer, 2016). Promotional Activity for encouraging the use of the IMS The promotional activity concerning encouraging the internal staff, both new recruits and existing staffs to effectively use IMS can be conducted in an effective fashion as follows. Communicating the Benefits The management of ABC Timber and Hardware is required for effectively communicating the benefits associated with the use of the IMS in the organization like development of both tacit and explicit knowledge. Further, the communication of the benefits can be carried out through out through identification of roles played by the different staffs in the organization and thereby make the staffs understand the manner IMS can be employed by them suiting the different roles. Empowering Employees The sales staffs of the different branches are required to effectively encourage in participating in the development activity concerning implementation of IMS in ABC Timber and Hardware. It would contribute in increasing the accountability of the members and also in making they work responsively for meeting the objectives of IMS implementation(Gupta George, 2016). Development of Training and Incentive Programs The management of ABC Timber and Hardware is also required to not only develop an effective training program for enhancing the competencies of the staffs to work proactively in an IMS governed enterprise but also to render financial and non-financial incentives based on their activity in its effective incorporation in the firm. The same would encourage and motivate the staffs to work proactively in the development of IMS in ABC Hardware and Timber(Lavin, Harper, Barr, 2015). Two Policies and Procedures needed for effective Running of IMS Two different policies that are needed for effective implementation and running of IMS in ABC Hardware and Timber are outlined as under: Enhancing Privacy of Data An effective privacy policy is required to be designed for governing the process of collecting, storing and thereby used for the benefit of the firm and also the different restrictions imposed for sharing such data resources with other third party users. Development of policies is required to be made for gaining permission in sending mails to different contacts. Different Procedures for Employing Information Technology Systems The information technology department of ABC Timber and Hardware is required to identify and generate different procedures regarding both using and also for gaining access to different data sets and system, generating backup of data and also in providing protection to data sets. It would also help in defining the procedures for both the employees in the organization and also the contractors involved in the IMS Project(Cresswell, Bates, Sheikh, 2013). Legal Requirements and Ethical Issues concerning IMS and users The use of IMS by ABC Hardware and Timber for collection and storage of data sets is required to effectively follow the legislations concerning Archives Act of 1983. It focuses on both sourcing and storing of records and also its destruction after completion of its use. Moreover, the use of IMS is also required to follow the legislations concerning the Privacy Act of 1988 that governs the collection, storage, employment and disclosure of information concerning information of consumers and other stakeholders(Snyder, 2017). Conclusions The report ideally reflects the fashion in which ABC Hardware and Timber can effectively work for developing and implementing an Information Management Systems in the organization. It reflects on the planning activities concerning the implementation of the IMS with also the allocation of different resources for the conducting of the program. Further, it also highlights on the different policies, procedures and also the legal and ethical requirements behind the incorporation of IMS in the organization. References Al-Mamary, Y. H., Shamsuddin, A., Aziati, N. (2014). The Role of Different Types of Information Systems in Business Organisations: A Review. International Journal of Research (IJR) , 1 (7), 1279-1286. Bogabol, A. O., AL Musadieq, M., Handayani, S. R. (2014). The Need for Management Information Systems on Strategic Planning Process in Libyan Health Service Organizations. IOSR Journal of Business and Management , 10 (10), 13-26. Cresswell, K. M., Bates, D. W., Sheikh, A. (2013). Ten key considerations for the successful implementation and adoption of large-scale health information technology. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association , 20 (1). Gupta, M., George, J. F. (2016). Toward the develop,ment of a big data analytics capability. Informations and Management , 1-16. Karikari, ,. A., Boateng, P. A., Ocansey, E. O. (2015). The Role of Human Resource Information System in the Process of Manpower Activities. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management , 5, 424-431. Kellermanns, F., Walter, J., Crook, T. R., Kemmerer, B. (2016). The Resource-Based View in Entrepreneurship: A Content-Analytical Comparison of Researchers and Entrepreneurs Views. Journal of Small Business Management , 54 (1), 26-48. Lavin, M. A., Harper, E., Barr, N. (2015). Health Information Technology, Patient Safety, and Professional Nursing Care Documentation in Acute Care Settings. The Online Journal for Issues in Nursing , 20 (2). Snyder, L. (2017). Modernizing Legal Services in Common Law Countries: Will the US Be Left Behind? Australia: Lexington Books. Victor, W. O., Abah, J., Adewale, O. S., Ume, A. (2014). A Survey on Mobile Cloud Computing with Embedded Security Considerations. International Journal of Cloud Computing and Services Science , 3 (1), 53-66.

The PLO Essays - Palestine Liberation Organization,

The PLO Functioning as a Palestinian government, the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) was founded in 1964 as a political body representing the Palestinians in their efforts to reclaim their country from the Israelis. Originally an umbrella organization of refugee and military groups, it was ultimately joined by professional, labour and student associations and also by some individuals. The purpose of the PLO is to help the Palestinians "to recover their usurped homes" and to replace Israel with a secular Palestinian state. To that end, it has been responsible for commando acts both in Israel and in other countries. The PLO works through three parts: 1.the Executive Committee, a decision-making body 2.the Central Committee, an advisory body 3.the Palestine National Council which is generally viewed as an assembly of the Palestinian people Yasser Arafat has been the head of the PLO since 1968. In 1974 at an Arab summit in Rabat, Morocco, the PLO was recognized as the "sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people". Subsequent to this, Arafat addressed the United Nations where the organization was given official observer status. In 1970 the PLO commandos fought a short but bloody war with the Jordanian army after which they were expelled from that country and settled in Lebanon. Little by little, they became a state within a state, and thus contributed to the disintegration of Lebanon after 1975. The aftermath of the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982 was to disperse some 12,000 PLO members to Syria and other Arab countries. Those loyal to Arafat made their headquarters in Tunis, where an Israeli bombing raid in 1985 severely damaged their headquarters and other buildings. Palestine is the ancient name of a Middle Eastern country situated on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Its size has varied greatly throughout its history and its exact borders are even now in dispute. Its location at the junction of trade routes linking three continents has meant that it was a melting pot for religious and cultural influences. It has also, unfortunately, been a natural battleground for the region's powerful states and thus subject to domination by them, the first of these being Egypt in the third millennium BC. When Egyptian power began to wane in the 14th century BC, the country was again invaded: this time by Hebrews, who were a Semitic tribe from Mesopotamia, and by Philistines (from whom the country took its name), an Indo-European people. The West Bank The West Bank is a term used to mean the disputed lands located west of the Jordan River between Israel and Jordan. Its area is about 5900 sq km (2278 sq mi) and it holds many sites of religious importance to Jews, Christians and Muslims. The largest cities of the West Bank are Hebron (Arabic: El Khalil) and Nablus. Part of biblical Samaria and Judaea, the West Bank was a part of the British Mandate for Palestine from 1920-1948. It was formally annexed by Jordan in 1950 -- an act that was not recognized by the Arab League, the United Nations or the United States. After the 1967 Arab-Israeli War, the area came under Israeli control. The Gaza Strip The Gaza Strip is a narrow area of desert land along the western Mediterranean Sea. It is about 42km (26 miles) long and 6.5 to 8km (4 to 5 miles) wide. It too, like the West Bank, was a part of the British Mandate from 1917 to 1948. Egypt controlled the Gaza Strip from 1948 until the 1967 Arab-Israeli War (except for a brief period of Israeli occupation in 1956-57) when it passed to Israeli control. The Gaza Strip is densely populated -- an estimate in 1993 gave the figure as 800,000 -- with more than 99% of its population being stateless Palestinian Arabs. The majority are refugees from Israel who have lived under extremely difficult conditions in refugee camps since 1948. The flimsy economy is based upon agriculture, livestock, fishing and some small industry. Poverty and unemployment are widespread and the success of the 1993 peace accord between the Palestinians and Israel depends in no small way upon whether economic progress for the people of the Gaza Strip is an outgrowth of the accord. The intifada The intifada is a revolt by Palestinian Arabs against Israeli military occupation of lands taken in the 1967 Arab- Israeli War. It began in late 1987 in the Gaza Strip and soon spread to the West Bank and East Jerusalem. It involved throwing stones at Israeli soldiers, strikes and business boycotts. Neither the Israeli government nor the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) were prepared for

B.M.A. Program Sample Essay

B.M.A. Program Sample EssayOne of the best ways to prepare for a Board Exam is to take a comprehensive study course which includes the B.M.A. Program Sample Essay. The Sample Essay helps you to keep on pace with the pace of the tests and help you better understand the exam structure. The Sample Essay is helpful in giving you a 'feel' of what the actual test will be like.It gives you a better understanding of the formal concept and the practical application of the subject matter. Plus it helps you work on your writing skills as well. In addition, it provides a solid foundation for the test preparation for the B.M.A. Program.It also allows you to practice your essay during the multiple choice portion of the exam. This means that instead of answering a series of questions you are answering a question or questions. This also improves your study habits and helps you be more organized.These writing practice questions allow you to practice writing and provide one to one feedback on the cont ent. They are easy to write and they fit the essay format perfectly. They will let you know if you are on the right track with your test preparations. And, they make it much easier to understand the test itself.However, the B.M.A. Program Sample Essay can be very helpful during the actual exam as well.It gives you a general concept and helps you see how the real thing is going to go. You can then use this as a guideline. If you are really serious about getting into your dream profession, the Written Assessment System for Doctors will help you out immensely. With this system, you can learn the written skills, boost your career prospects, stay motivated, learn more about your own interest, learn better organization skills, find out your weaknesses, improve your leadership skills, practice great organization, expand your skills, and create more content for the exams.Taking a comprehensive study program can help you take your test and succeed in your clinical education program. The Comp rehensive Course can also help you in keeping yourself on track with the college test. Your Board Exam preparation will not only be for the school but also the career.

Great Expectations Essay

Great Expectations Essay Great Expectations Essay Great Expectations Essay Writing Great Expectations essay you should not ignore the importance of keeping the standard academic format.   It means that your Great Expectations should open with an introduction followed by a detailed body and end with a concise and relevant conclusion.   Below is the short sample Great Expectations essay. If you want to have an essay written especially for you, you may order customized essay writing help. Our writers will write your Great Expectations essay in accordance to requirements and instruction provided by you.   No late deliveries and no plagiarism! writers are responsible and educated. Check our writing guide for free sample essays and term papers. Great Expectations Essay Sample The distinctive comedy in Great Expectations is the result of the multitude of collisions. The major collisions shock Pip into realizing that he is an intruder. The pervasiveness of collisionscharacters battering each other with their private languages, objects senselessly asserting themselves against each other, parts of bodies assaulting one anothercreate the real anxiety. The distinctive terror in Great Expectations comes from the discovery that the world in which Pip finds himself an intruder is not homogeneous, that the forces directed against him are infinite and infinitely different. Dickens did not sustain his comic terror to the extent of any of the more modern writers I am discussing, probably because he was much more optimistic about the possibilities for social progress. Yet what makes Great Expectations far more than a piece of social satire is that he so thoroughly interrelated the social and natural orders, showing them both to be parts of the same capricious and heterogeneous process. There is no way of telling whether Pip's nightmare is reality or his response to reality, whether it is the result of an unjust and menacing social system or whether the social system is unjust and menacing because of natural human drives. Miss Havisham, the weird goddess figure who proves not to be a goddess; Magwitch, the figure of natural and social menace who turns out to embody Fortune; Orlick, the figure of irrational evil, brought to life, as it were, by the accident of Pip's continuing good fortune; and Joe, the figure of unreasoning goodnessall collide with Pip as members of society, but they are also projections of Pip's natural desires and possibilities. Some of the most important collisions in the novel externalize conflicting inner drives, and these are related to collisions in the outer reality of Society and Nature. Pip is so entangled in and excluded from such a thoroughly chaotic world that there is no basis for distinguishing between the psychological and the physical, the individual and the social. The two-dimensional point of view is not just the conjunction of youth and age, but of perspectives that are simultaneously rebellious and adjustive. Although the story moves toward the adjustive, a deep sense of the reality he created kept Dickens at first from writing a happy ending. And even in the revised ending, written as a concession to popular taste, there is a strain of ambivalence based on the impossibility of harmony or final adjustment in the world of Great Expectations. Great Expectations Essay: Custom Writing The above sample of Great Expectations essay is written here with the hope to assist you with starting your own essay.   If writing an essay is a real challenge for you, if you do not want to spend hours researching and writing, you may freely order professional essay writing assistance at our site.   Our prices are affordable and our writers are truly experienced.   No other site is able to provide you with fully referenced and 100% plagiarism free essay!

Explain dualism, materialism, and Idealism. Which is preferable and Essay

Explain dualism, materialism, and Idealism. Which is preferable and why - Essay Example nly measure of reality by disregarding other possible dimensions such as the mental, cultural, or spiritual as it is only material things that constitute the entirety of the universe including all other phenomena. This theory is alternatively termed as eliminative materialism because it disregards all the other possible mental states as probably inherently wrong and non-existent (Ramsey, 2013). 3. Idealism – this philosophy is basically the exact opposite of materialism by claiming that all forms of observed phenomena (or reality itself) are primarily ideal or mental in form only (as mental constructs and therefore immaterial by its very nature). It rejects materialism by and other forms of philosophical thought by saying all human experiences are mental in nature and the entire universal human existence is just like one giant â€Å"mental thought† and ultimate reality is nothing but just images or representations of what people observed (McQuillan, 2014). Dualism is a better philosophy because it more or less is consonant with what people are observing and experiencing in terms of their earthly human existence. In other words, there is a duality in human existence which is the physical or material world and then another dimension of a spiritual nature because the mind-body interactions are very real indeed (Kelly,

Extended School Year in New Jersey, Delaware, and Pennsylvannia Research Paper

Extended School Year in New Jersey, Delaware, and Pennsylvannia - Research Paper Example Perhaps the greatest finding of the commission’s report was the fact that students present in other democratic countries (especially industrialized nations) were expected to take up to two times as much instructions in core academic areas during the course of a high school year than students being taught in high schools across the United States. (NECTL, 1994) 2. Relating Time and Learning Investigations into time and learning reveal that the amount of time spent on learning and the total learning acquired are directly related. Learning is affected consistently in a powerful manner based on the time allocated to learning. Moreover it has been found that schools that devote greater student time to learning tend to produce students with greater test scores in comparison to schools where student’s time is used up in other activities. (Walberg, Extended Learning Time, 1991) (Walberg, 1988) On the other hand there is no clear relationship between the amount of time allocated for instructing students in a school and the amount of time that students are engaged in various kinds of learning activities. Research carried out on the issue of time spent by students in school reveals that time is just one constituent that is required to ensure learning for students. This also indicates that merely increasing the time spent in schools is unlikely to produce any major changes in the amount of learning of students. The relationship between the amount of time spent and achievement does not present a strong case. Hence it is apparent that by only increasing the amount of time spent in schools will not produce large gains in learning by students. Therefore policy makers cannot expect to increase the amount of time spent in instructing students either in school days or school years in order to justify tremendous increases in learning. Another aspect often brought to light by most researchers is that the utilization of time is far more important than simple increases i n the time spent in school by students. As mentioned before mere mechanical increases in time are not likely to produce any major changes in the amount of learning or in academic achievement. However even then certain states are adding more and more time to their class times with some states adopting the school day approach while others adopt the school year approach. Based on these arguments it is pertinent to realize that time spent in the classroom should be optimized further in order to maximize learning in the classroom. This in turn leads to the question: How do aspects of learning and academic achievement get affected as time in the classroom is increased due to extended school year periods? Moreover should such a system be enforced in New Jersey, Delaware and Pennsylvania? 3. Findings 3.1. Academic Achievement The effects of prescribing an extended day or year program for classrooms was only the subject of a very few studies that were reviewed. However the few pertinent stud ies reviewed indicated that some issues were worth noting. A study conducted on 181 kindergarten students was structured that one half received conventional schooling while the other half received extended year programs at school. The study examined the effect of additional school days on the children’